#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Lstar and Lmax calculation using artificial neural network (ANN) technique.
Authors: Steve Morley, Josef Koller, Yiqun Yu, Aaron Hendry
Contact: smorley@lanl.gov, yiqunyu17@gmail.com
Copyright 2012 Los Alamos National Security, LLC.
.. autosummary::
:toctree: autosummary
LANLstar
LANLmax
"""
import os.path
import sys
import warnings
import numpy as np
from . import toolbox
from . import datamodel as dm
def _get_net_path(filename):
"""Gets the full path for a network file given the filename"""
fspec = os.path.join(
os.path.split(__file__)[0], 'data', 'LANLstar', filename)
if os.path.exists(fspec) or os.path.exists(fspec + '.txt'):
return fspec
else:
raise RuntimeError("Could not find neural network file " + filename)
def _LANLcommon(indict, extmag, lmax=False):
"""
Shared code between LANLstar and LANLmax
lmax is True for LANLmax, False for LANLstar
"""
n = len(indict['Year'])
lstar_keylists = {
'OPDYN': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo', 'BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM'],
'OPQUIET': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo','BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM'],
'T01QUIET': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'G1', 'G2','Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM',
'latGSM', 'lonGSM'],
'T01STORM': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'G2', 'G3', 'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM',
'latGSM', 'lonGSM'],
'T05': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF','BzIMF',
'W1','W2','W3','W4','W5','W6',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM'],
'T89': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Kp', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF','BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM'],
'T96': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF','BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM'],
'RAMSCB':['Year','DOY','Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'PA','SMx', 'SMy', 'SMz'],
}
lmax_keylists = {
'OPDYN': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo', 'BzIMF', 'PA'],
'OPQUIET': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo', 'BzIMF','PA'],
'T01QUIET': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'G1','G2','PA'],
'T01STORM': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'G2','G3','PA'],
'T05': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'W1','W2','W3','W4','W5','W6','PA'],
'T89': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Kp', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'PA'],
'T96': ['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'PA'],
}
ls = dm.SpaceData()
if isinstance(extmag, str):
extmag = [extmag]
# make sure that if we futz with Gs/Ws we need to not modify the inputs
inputdict = indict.copy()
if 'G' in inputdict:
for x in range(1, 4):
dum = inputdict['G'][..., x-1]
if dum.ndim == 0: dum = np.array([dum])
inputdict['G{0}'.format(x)] = dum
del inputdict['G']
if 'W' in inputdict:
for x in range(1, 7):
dum = inputdict['W'][..., x-1]
if dum.ndim == 0: dum = np.array([dum])
inputdict['W{0}'.format(x)] = dum
del inputdict['W']
parlist = lstar_keylists if not lmax else lmax_keylists
for modname in extmag:
# Concatenate the input parameters into single array
parset = [inputdict[kk] for kk in parlist[modname]]
if n == 1:
params = np.hstack(parset)
else:
params = np.vstack(parset).T
# Load the ANN parameters from the ported text files
net = _get_model(modelstr=modname, lmax=lmax)
# Make output array filled with badvals
ls[modname] = dm.dmfilled((n), fillval=np.nan)
# This can/should be done as a single matrix op. Need to check the dimensionality and how it all broadcasts...
for idx, row in enumerate(np.atleast_2d(params)):
# This is the actual neural network calculation
inlayer = (net['inweights'].T*row + net['inbias'].T)
hidden = 1.0/(1+np.exp(-(net['ihbias'].T + (inlayer[::-1]*net['ihweights']).sum(axis=1))))
if net['two_layers']:
# If we have two hidden layers, we need to include them both
hidden = 1.0/(1+np.exp(-(net['hhbias'].T + (hidden[:, np.newaxis]*net['hhweights']).sum(axis=0))))
output = 1.0/(1+np.exp(-(net['hobias'] + (hidden*net['howeights'].T).sum())))
# apply linear output function to get L*, ls[modname] is known 1D
ls[modname][idx] = (net['outweight']*output + net['outbias']).item()
return ls
def _get_model(modelstr=None, lmax=False):
'''Find and load coefficient set defining neural network model
Other Parameters
================
modelstr : string
Name of external magnetic field model. Valid choices are [OPDYN, OPQUIET,
T89, T96, T01QUIET, T01STORM, T05, RAMSCB]. Note that RAMSCB is only defined
for the LANLstar model and not for the LANLmax model.
lmax : bool
If True, load the coefficient set for the LANLmax network. Otherwise, load
the coefficient set for the LANLstar network. Note that RAMSCB is not defined
if this is set to True.
'''
name = modelstr.upper()
optl = {'OPDYN': 'LANLstar_OPDyn.txt',
'OPQUIET': 'LANLstar_OPQuiet.txt',
'T01QUIET': 'LANLstar_T01QUIET.txt',
'T01STORM': 'LANLstar_T01STORM.txt',
'T05': 'LANLstar_T05.txt',
'T89': 'LANLstar_T89.txt',
'T96': 'LANLstar_T96.txt',
'RAMSCB': 'LANLstar_RAMSCB.txt'
}
optm = {'OPDYN': 'Lmax_OPDyn.txt',
'OPQUIET': 'Lmax_OPQuiet.txt',
'T01QUIET': 'Lmax_T01QUIET.txt',
'T01STORM': 'Lmax_T01STORM.txt',
'T05': 'Lmax_T05.txt',
'T89': 'Lmax_T89.txt',
'T96': 'Lmax_T96.txt',
}
optdict = optl if not lmax else optm
model = dm.readJSONheadedASCII(_get_net_path(optdict[name]))
model['ihbias'] = model['ihbias'].T
model['hobias'] = model['hobias'].T
model['hhweights'] = model['hhweights'].T
model['howeights'] = model['howeights'].T
model['two_layers'] = model['two_layers'][0]
model['two_layers'] = True if (model['two_layers'] in [1.0, 'True']) else False
return model
# ------------------------------------------------
[docs]def LANLstar(inputdict, extMag):
"""
Calculate Lstar
Based on the L* artificial neural network (ANN) trained from
different magnetospheric field models.
Parameters
==========
extMag : list of string(s)
containing one or more of the following external magnetic field models:
'OPDYN', 'OPQUIET', 'T89', 'T96', 'T01QUIET', 'T01STORM', 'T05'
inputdict : dictionary
containing the following keys, each entry is a list or array. Note the keys for the above models are different.
-- For OPDYN:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo', 'BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM']
-- For OPQUIET:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo', 'BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM']
-- For T89:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Kp', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM']
-- For T96:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM']
-- For T01QUIET:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'G1', 'G2',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM']
-- For T01STORM:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'G2', 'G3',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM']
-- For T05:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'W1','W2','W3','W4','W5','W6',
'Lm', 'Bmirr', 'PA', 'rGSM', 'latGSM', 'lonGSM']
-- For RAMSCB:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF',
'PA', 'SMx','SMy','SMz']
Dictionaries with numpy vectors are allowed.
Returns
=======
out : dictionary
Lstar array for each key which corresponds to the specified magnetic field model.
Examples
========
>>> import spacepy.LANLstar as LS
>>> inputdict = {}
>>> inputdict['Kp'] = [2.7 ] # Kp index
>>> inputdict['Dst'] = [7.7777 ] # Dst index (nT)
>>> inputdict['dens'] = [4.1011 ] # solar wind density (/cc)
>>> inputdict['velo'] = [400.1011 ] # solar wind velocity (km/s)
>>> inputdict['Pdyn'] = [4.1011 ] # solar wind dynamic pressure (nPa)
>>> inputdict['ByIMF'] = [3.7244 ] # GSM y component of IMF magnetic field (nT)
>>> inputdict['BzIMF'] = [-0.1266 ] # GSM z component of IMF magnetic field (nT)
>>> inputdict['G1'] = [1.029666 ] # as defined in Tsganenko 2003
>>> inputdict['G2'] = [0.549334 ]
>>> inputdict['G3'] = [0.813999 ]
>>> inputdict['W1'] = [0.122444 ] # as defined in Tsyganenko and Sitnov 2005
>>> inputdict['W2'] = [0.2514 ]
>>> inputdict['W3'] = [0.0892 ]
>>> inputdict['W4'] = [0.0478 ]
>>> inputdict['W5'] = [0.2258 ]
>>> inputdict['W6'] = [1.0461 ]
>>> # now add date
>>> inputdict['Year'] = [1996 ]
>>> inputdict['DOY'] = [6 ]
>>> inputdict['Hr'] = [1.2444 ]
>>> # and pitch angle, which doesn't come if taking params from OMNI
>>> inputdict['Lm'] = [4.9360 ] # McIllwain L
>>> inputdict['Bmirr'] = [315.6202 ] # magnetic field strength at the mirror point
>>> inputdict['rGSM'] = [4.8341 ] # radial coordinate in GSM [Re]
>>> inputdict['lonGSM'] = [-40.2663 ] # longitude coodrinate in GSM [deg]
>>> inputdict['latGSM'] = [36.44696 ] # latitude coordiante in GSM [deg]
>>> inputdict['PA'] = [57.3874 ] # pitch angle [deg]
>>> inputdict['SMx'] = [3.9783 ]
>>> inputdict['SMy'] = [-2.51335 ]
>>> inputdict['SMz'] = [1.106617 ]
>>> # and then call the neural network
>>> LS.LANLstar(inputdict, ['OPDYN','OPQUIET','T01QUIET','T01STORM','T89','T96','T05','RAMSCB'])
{'OPDYN': array([4.7171]),
'OPQUIET': array([4.6673]),
'T01QUIET': array([4.8427]),
'T01STORM': array([4.8669]),
'T89': array([4.5187]),
'T96': array([4.6439]),
'TS05': array([4.7174]),
'RAMSCB','array([5.9609])}
"""
return _LANLcommon(inputdict, extMag, lmax=False)
[docs]def LANLmax(inputdict, extMag):
"""
Calculate last closed drift shell (Lmax)
Based on the L* artificial neural network (ANN) trained from
different magnetospheric field models.
Parameters
==========
extMag : list of string(s)
containing one or more of the following external Magnetic field models:
'OPDYN', 'OPQUIET', 'T89', 'T96', 'T01QUIET', 'T01STORM', 'T05'
inputdict : dictionary
containing the following keys, each entry is a list or array. Note the keys for the above models are different.
-- For OPDYN:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo', 'BzIMF', 'PA']
-- For OPQUIET:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'dens', 'velo', 'BzIMF', 'PA']
-- For T89:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Kp', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'PA']
-- For T96:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF','PA']
-- For T01QUIET:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'G1', 'G2','PA']
-- For T01STORM:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'G2', 'G3', 'PA']
-- For T05:
['Year', 'DOY', 'Hr', 'Dst', 'Pdyn', 'ByIMF', 'BzIMF', 'W1','W2','W3','W4','W5','W6', 'PA']
Dictionaries with numpy vectors are allowed.
Returns
=======
out : dictionary
Lmax array for each key which corresponds to the specified magnetic field model.
Examples
========
>>> import spacepy.LANLstar as LS
>>> inputdict = {}
>>> inputdict['Kp'] = [2.7 ] # Kp index
>>> inputdict['Dst'] = [7.7777 ] # Dst index (nT)
>>> inputdict['dens'] = [4.1011 ] # solar wind density (/cc)
>>> inputdict['velo'] = [400.1011 ] # solar wind velocity (km/s)
>>> inputdict['Pdyn'] = [4.1011 ] # solar wind dynamic pressure (nPa)
>>> inputdict['ByIMF'] = [3.7244 ] # GSM y component of IMF magnetic field (nT)
>>> inputdict['BzIMF'] = [-0.1266 ] # GSM z component of IMF magnetic field (nT)
>>> inputdict['G1'] = [1.029666 ] # as defined in Tsganenko 2003
>>> inputdict['G2'] = [0.549334 ]
>>> inputdict['G3'] = [0.813999 ]
>>> inputdict['W1'] = [0.122444 ] # as defined in Tsyganenko and Sitnov 2005
>>> inputdict['W2'] = [0.2514 ]
>>> inputdict['W3'] = [0.0892 ]
>>> inputdict['W4'] = [0.0478 ]
>>> inputdict['W5'] = [0.2258 ]
>>> inputdict['W6'] = [1.0461 ]
>>> # now add date
>>> inputdict['Year'] = [1996 ]
>>> inputdict['DOY'] = [6 ]
>>> inputdict['Hr'] = [1.2444 ]
>>> # and pitch angle, which doesn't come if taking params from OMNI
>>> inputdict['PA'] = [57.3874 ] # pitch angle [deg]
>>> # and then call the neural network
>>> LS.LANLmax(inputdict, ['OPDYN','OPQUIET','T01QUIET','T01STORM','T89','T96','T05'])
{'OPDYN': array([10.6278]),
'OPQUIET': array([9.3352]),
'T01QUIET': array([10.0538]),
'T01STORM': array([9.9300]),
'T89': array([8.2888]),
'T96': array([9.2410]),
'T05': array([9.9295])}
"""
return _LANLcommon(inputdict, extMag, lmax=True)
def addPA(indict, PA):
'''Function to add pitch angle to input dictionary from, e.g., omni module
Parameters
==========
indict : dictionary-like
containing keys required for LANLstar and LANLmax
PA : float
pitch angle
Returns
=======
out : dictionary
input dictionary with input pitch angle added as 'PA' key having the length of other inputs
Examples
========
>>> import spacepy.LANLstar as LS
>>> inputdict = {}
>>> inputdict['Year']
>>> # additional keys would be defined here
>>> LS.addPA(indict, PA)
'''
ll = len(indict['Year'])
indict['PA'] = [PA]*ll
return indict
